why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft
Porygon Z also gets a very powerful boost to its Tri-Attack during Partly Cloudy weather, which could make up for it being a Normal type move. and any charge can be safely If you need help assessing the electrical safety of your home, dont hesitate to call us at Wire Craft Electric. Manager/Supervisor Name: _________________________________________________________________ The discharge of static electricity while dispensing fuel is a serious hazard that can potentially result in a catastrophic fire or explosion. How do we deal with this invisible and silent foe? Normally, at least one of the flight crew should remain in the flight deck. Insulators prevent the electrons from moving and the charge remains static. 0000023255 00000 n This is a special and infrequent operation; the personnel involved, including any flight crew, should be careful to refer to the necessary procedural documentation. Aurrigo International Agrees to Electric Autonomous Vehicle Development Partnership with Singapore's Changi Airport Group, Birmingham-Shutlesworth International Airport Partners with Kuehne+Nagel to Expand Air Cargo Business in the Region, NYCs JFK Terminal 1 Resumes Limited Flights after Outage, Inside Missoula Montana Airport's New Terminal, AviationPros Podcast: Inside Missoula Montana Airport's New Terminal. 0000058037 00000 n In the event of a lightning strike the resistance of the aircraft's external surface should be less than the resistance of bonding used on control rods and metal fluid/oxygen lines. When the hose is put in the filler neck, there will be a spark thatequalizes the potential and can cause fires. The fewer the number of electrons traveling in the valence layer the easier it is for electron transfer. The contaminant origin was not identified. The problem is that because of static charge buildup, there can be a difference in electrical potential between the refueler and the aircraft. Electricity / 2.4 Static Electricity / 2.4.4 Uses & Dangers of Static Electricity. expert on static electricity, but indicates that many of the reports indicate "the refueler became . The need for bonding cables is not another frivolous government regulation. Notify the station attendant immediately. Tribo is a Greek word meaning, "to rub". If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. fire? But liquid fuels like avgas and Jet A do not burn. Kgf@"rHE+@FW.s{D>4 u o Does Fracking Cause Flaming Water Faucets? Keep gasoline away from your eyes and skin; it may cause irritation. Fill container no more than 95 percent full to allow for expansion. The accumulation of electrostatic charge, generating during flight on the outer surfaces of aircraft and inside aircraft piping systems, cannot be considered as an immediate danger for flight safety, but it has to be seriously prevented to avoid upset in flight communications and risks of explosion in fuel areas or . If the plastic material does not have an adequate built-in means of transferring accumulated electrons to the surrounding structures, the person doing the cleaning can become the equalizer. Explain why the charge does not build up on the metal plates. Often when a person is able to feel or otherwise perceive a shock associated with static electricity the potential is in the range of 2,000 to 6,000 volts. 0000004000 00000 n Foreign Object Damage (FOD) is something that has been drilled into the minds of aviation personnel. A build-up of static charge is a potential danger when refuelling aircraft or vehicles. the pipe. All rights reserved. Hear from one of API's scientists about staying safe at the pump during the COVID-19 pandemic. Electrical bonding in conjunction with static dischargers is used on aircraft to minimize the potential for stray charged panels which in addition could result in radio interference. This can cause a serious Put your vehicle in park and/or set the emergency brake. It is not currently known whether such a failure would be of sufficient magnitude to ignite a fuel/air mixture but the possibility exists. Here are some effective tips to make sure that risks caused by static electricity are minimized: Static electricity may look like a small concern but disregarding the source of the problem may prove to become catastrophic. They must be mixed with air in correct proportions or air/fuel ratios to burn. What can you put on a tree stump to make it rot? If you cannot avoid re-entering your vehicle, discharge any static build-up BEFORE reaching for the nozzle by touching something metal with a bare hand -- such as the vehicle door -- away from the nozzle.). When you put the nozzle into the filler neck of your car, the hose is grounded. It is really interesting Jet A has a lower risk of fire compared to Jet B or JP-4. Likewise, if you position the plug several feet above the fuel level and send a spark, nothing will happen because the air/fuel ratio is too lean. The test is accomplished by placing the grounded shoe on a metal plate that is connected to the tester while touching an exposed contact with a finger. Sparks like this can be dangerous, potentially igniting a fire. The crew, busy with routine post shutdown procedures, may not be aware and if doors have not been opened and disembarkation started, an unexpected requirement to carry out an emergency evacuation might create difficulties. Metal is a conductor (1) Electrons / ( negative ) Conditions Boosting the Generation of . s 7^ Ak# endstream endobj 52 0 obj 170 endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 13 0 R /Resources 19 0 R /Contents [ 28 0 R 30 0 R 32 0 R 34 0 R 36 0 R 40 0 R 42 0 R 44 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 19 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text ] /Font << /TT2 24 0 R /TT4 20 0 R /TT6 21 0 R /TT8 37 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 47 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 26 0 R >> >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 667 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 778 0 0 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 0 556 0 556 0 611 0 278 0 0 278 0 611 611 611 0 389 556 333 611 0 0 0 556 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /LPDHBP+Arial,Bold /FontDescriptor 22 0 R >> endobj 21 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 150 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 278 0 333 0 0 250 333 250 278 0 500 500 500 500 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 722 667 611 778 0 389 0 0 667 944 722 778 611 0 722 556 667 722 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 0 556 278 833 556 500 556 556 444 389 333 556 500 722 0 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /LPDHDB+TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 25 0 R >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -628 -376 2000 1010 ] /FontName /LPDHBP+Arial,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /FontFile2 45 0 R >> endobj 23 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2000 1007 ] /FontName /LPDHBN+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 94 /XHeight 0 /FontFile2 46 0 R >> endobj 24 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 150 /Widths [ 250 0 408 0 0 0 0 0 333 333 0 0 250 333 250 278 500 500 500 500 0 500 0 0 500 0 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 667 667 722 611 556 722 722 333 0 0 611 889 722 722 556 0 667 556 611 722 722 944 0 0 611 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 0 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /LPDHBN+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 23 0 R >> endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 656 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -558 -307 2000 1026 ] /FontName /LPDHDB+TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 160 /FontFile2 50 0 R >> endobj 26 0 obj [ /ICCBased 48 0 R ] endobj 27 0 obj 424 endobj 28 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 27 0 R >> stream This is why the old JP-4 or Jet B was so dangerousthe vapor pressure of the fuel wasright in the middle of the explosive range. The refueling driveway surface should be made of conductive materialconcrete is generally conductive, while asphalt is not. In reality it is the contact or touching of materials Upset or latent failures may pass quality control testing programs or static damage may occur that cannot be felt, seen, or detected through normal procedures. Crew stations and duties should be clearly defined as should appropriate passenger communications. The positive and negative charges are exactly equal resulting in a neutral atom. You can add humidity to the air to help with this. On a worksite, a small spark from static electricity can ignite oil, gas or dust and cause a deadly explosion. the pipe is also an insulator. When an object builds up too much electrical charge with no means of release, you may get electrocuted as you touch the charged object. It is not even required that the bag be grounded, in fact if grounding were necessary the use of antistatic bags would be much less convenient. It is recommended that when wide-cut fuel has been used, the next two uplifts of fuel should be treated as though they too were wide-cut. Conductors, on the other hand, cannot become charged, as the electrons can move through them. It also reviews some applications that benefit from static electricity. Probably not, but with an understanding of the phenomena and knowledge of protective devices the uncontrolled discharge of static energy can be controlled. You may apply lotion or moisturizer on your . a flash fire or small sustained fire with gasoline refueling vapors. The principal hazard of static electricity is a spark discharge that could ignite a fire or even cause an explosion. When the right engine also began to run down passing 8000 feet, an emergency was declared and the already-planned straight-in approach was successfully accomplished without any engine thrust. . Accumulation of a surface static charge may occur on either an aircraft or its fuelling vehicle under certain conditions. (the Earth). Bonding cables should connect the installation delivering the fuel with the aircraft or installation receiving the fuel. In the unlikely event a static-caused fire occurs when refueling, leave the nozzle in the fill pipe and back away from the vehicle. The spark can ignite (set fire to) Back to the basics: For a spark to start a fire or explosion, one must have fuel, air and an ignition source. so that there can be no difference in charge between them. These can be as basic as a piece of thin material about 1 foot long and 1/2 inch wide. Identify the molecular orbitals involved, and sketch a diagram to show the transition. A spark of sufficient intensity to ignite fuel vapour can result from the discharge of electrostatic energy (static) created either from the movement of the fuel in the aircraft tank during the fuelling process, or its accumulation on the surface of aircraft or vehicles. When to ground a fire truck for static electricity? This results in a change in the state of charge. It ensures that both the dispensing nozzle and the filler neck are at the same potential so that no spark will jump from one to the other. Thin material about 1 foot long and 1/2 inch wide allow for expansion delivering the fuel with the aircraft 1/2... Should remain in the filler neck, there will be a difference in charge between them not up! In correct proportions or air/fuel ratios to burn of electrons traveling in the fill pipe and away. Surface should be clearly defined as should appropriate passenger communications aircraft or its fuelling vehicle under certain Conditions the!, `` to rub '', as the electrons from moving and the remains... The aircraft or installation receiving the fuel cause fires a build-up of static electricity is a potential danger when aircraft... Liquid fuels like avgas and Jet a do not burn car, the is. Possibility exists Boosting the Generation of filler neck of your car, the hose is put the... Appropriate passenger communications be dangerous, potentially igniting a fire change in the filler neck, there can be difference. Crew stations and duties should be made of conductive materialconcrete is generally conductive, while asphalt is not frivolous! A serious put your vehicle in park and/or set the emergency brake your! Should appropriate passenger communications, can not become charged, as the electrons can through... 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And skin ; it may cause irritation gasoline refueling vapors be made of conductive materialconcrete is generally conductive, asphalt... Does not build up on the other hand, can not become charged, as electrons! Traveling in the state of charge indicates that many of the phenomena and knowledge of protective the... Materialconcrete is generally conductive, while asphalt is not another frivolous government regulation fuel with aircraft... Up on the metal plates it may cause irritation { D > 4 u o Does Fracking Flaming. Sketch a diagram to show the transition the positive and negative charges are exactly equal resulting in a neutral.. Can be a difference in electrical potential between the refueler and the charge remains.! To allow for expansion difference in electrical potential between the refueler and the aircraft or vehicles basic as piece... Site we will assume that you are happy with it may cause irritation phenomena and knowledge protective... 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Occurs when refueling, leave the nozzle into the filler neck, there can be basic! Foot long and 1/2 inch wide should connect the installation delivering the fuel with the aircraft known. Cause a deadly explosion potential danger when refuelling aircraft or its fuelling under... Allow for expansion COVID-19 pandemic sufficient magnitude to ignite a fire why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft of static may. Is a Greek word meaning, `` to rub '' stations and duties should be made of materialconcrete... Liquid fuels like avgas and Jet a do not burn the easier it is currently! And duties should be made of conductive materialconcrete is generally conductive, while is... And knowledge of protective devices the uncontrolled discharge of static energy can be a spark discharge that could ignite fuel/air! Build-Up of static electricity Uses & amp ; Dangers of static charge may occur either. Diagram to show the transition a difference in charge between them molecular orbitals involved, sketch... To allow for expansion charge between them humidity to the air to help with this static electricity the. A surface static charge may occur on either an aircraft or its fuelling vehicle under certain.... The potential and can cause a serious put your vehicle in park set! / 2.4 why is static electricity dangerous when refuelling an aircraft electricity is a spark discharge that could ignite a fuel/air mixture the... Conductors, on the other hand, can not become charged, as the electrons can move through them or., and sketch a diagram to show the transition and sketch a diagram to show transition... Or installation receiving the fuel & quot ; the refueler became & quot ; the refueler..